Mental health is a kind of effective performance of mental function which results in productive activities, relationships with other people as well as the ability to adapt to the environment. Mental well being is a condition in which a person realize his or her potential, or also can cope with daily activities of life, work productively and participate in community work. 

Mental health issues in adolescents have a remarkable problem relatively common to treatment or intervention or solution.Adolescence is crucial period for developing social and emotional habits important for mental well being. Supportive and protective environments in the school, family are important. Multiple factors affect mental health. Some of these disorders may interfere with a patient’s ability to understand or articulate health concerns and appropriately adhere to recommended treatment.

Adolescents with psychiatric disorders may be taking psychopharmacologic agents that can cause menstrual dysfunction. Adolescents with mental issues engage in acting out behaviours and substance abuse. Media influence and gender guidelines may also increase the inconsistencybetween an adolescents lived reality and their perceptions for the future.

Other important factors can be the quality of their home life and relationship with peers. Harsh parenting, violence can also affect the mental health. Due to the living conditions, stigma, discrimination, or lack of quality support some adolescents are at greater risk of mental health conditions. Socio economic problems may also acknowledge the risks to mental health. Mental illness is evident through thoughts, feelings and behaviours of an individual.

It is common feature of development for teenagers , which experience a broad range of emotions . It is a kind of classic, for instance teenagers may experience anxiety in content to their school life, and relationship with friends . Although mental health disorders are indicated by continuous symptoms which affect how a young person feels, act, think. These kind of disorders may also interfere with day to day activities and everyday functioning like work related to school, relationships with family and friends, sleeping and eating habits. Depression and anxiety may be the causes of illness in adolescents. 

Emotional disorders

Emotional disorders are common among adolescents of chronic and recurrent psychiatric disorders that are associated with significant impairment. The majority of  children with emotional disorders go on to become normal adults only a minority show neurotic disorders in adult life. Many emotional disorders occurring in childhood seem to constitute exaggerations of normal developmental trends rather than phenomena that are qualitatively abnormal in themselves. Anxiety and depressive disorders can affect schoolwork. There are some common symptoms between anxiety and depression like rapid and unexpected changes in mood. 

Eating disorders 

Two important syndromes are anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. Anorexia disorder is a disorder characterized by deliberate weight loss, induced and sustained by the patient. The disorders occurs most complicated in adolescent girls and young woman, but adolescent boys and young men may be affected more rarely, as may children approaching puberty and older women up to the menopause. The disorder is associated with under nutrition of varying severity, with resulting secondary endocrine and metabolic changes and disturbances of bodily functions. 

Diagnostic guidelines : The weight loss is seldom induced by avoidance of fattening foods. Body weight is maintained at least 15% below the expected.Pre- pubertalpatients may show failure to make the expected weight gain during the period of growth. 

Bulimia nervosa is a syndrome characterized by repeated bouts of overeating and an excessive preoccupation with the control of body weight, leading the patient to adopt extreme measures so as to mitigate the fattening effects of ingested food. The age and sex distribution is similar to that of anorexia nervosa. Repeated vomiting is likely to give rise to disturbance of body electrolytes  physical complications( muscular weakness) and further severe loss of weight. 

Diagnostic guidelines: There is persistent preoccupation with eating, and an irresistible craving for food, the patient succumbs the episode of overeating in which large amounts of food are consumed in short periods of time.

Anxiety disorders

Anxiety is described unpleasant feelings of tension, fear and worry. Social phobias start in adolescence and are centered around fear of scrutiny by other people in comparatively small groups usually leading to avoidance of social situations. Social phobias are equally common in men and women. A fear of vomiting in public may be important. Direct eye to eye confrontation may be particularly stressful in some cultures. Social phobias are usually associated with low self esteem and fear of criticism. 

Obsessive compulsive disorder is an anxiety disorder characterized by obsessional thoughts or compulsive acts. Obsessional thoughts are ideas, images, or impulses that enter the individuals mind again and again in a stereotyped format. Compulsive acts or rituals are stereotyped behaviours that are repeated again and again. Obsessive compulsive disorder is equally common in men and women. 

Schizophrenia disorders are characterized by fundamental and characteristics distortions of thinking and perception and by inappropriate or blunted affect. 

Depression is common during adolescence. Main characteristics of depression are loss of interest in activities , decreased energy or sadness. 

Substance use disorder or risk taking behaviours include use of psychoactive substance use such as alcohol, opioid, sedatives or hypnotics, cannabinoids, use of cocaine, other stimulants including caffeine, tobacco or volatile solvents. Features of substance abuse may include lying, stealing, poor academic performance, changing friend circle, not able to sleep at night, mood swings. 

Psychosis 

Symptoms of psychosis include hallucinations or delusions. Delusions are defined as false beliefs whereas hallucinations are the perception about something that is not present. These symptoms can affect the person’s ability of participating in daily life activities and moreover leads to stigma.

School phobia 

School phobia or also know as school refusal is irrational fear of going to school. It may be because of issues related to difficult examination, bullying in class, or may be due to lack of confidence. It occurs alongside social phobias and other phobias. 

Conduct disorder

Conduct disorder is defined as the disruptive behaviour and are characterized by a repetitive and persistent  pattern of dissocial, aggressive, or defiant conduct. Such as behaviourwhen at its most extreme for the individual, should amount to major violations of age appropriate social expectations and is therefore  more severe than ordinary childish mischief or adolescent rebelliousness. Conduct disorder is frequently associated with adverse psychosocial environments including unsatisfactory family relationships and failure in school. Conduct disorder is more commonly noted in boys.Symptoms can include theft, lying, violation of rules or aggression towards people.

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) 

Its a kind of disorder in which there is difficulty in grasping attention , hyperactive, acting as an impulse. ADHD usually starts in childhood and even can continue till adulthood. It can also lead to low self esteem, conflicting relationships and even a state of being complex at school as well as at work. It is one of the most common neuro developmental disorders of childhood. It is a kind of medical condition. ADHD can be treated with a combine therapy of behaviour and medication.

Stigma of mental illness is a mark of shame or disapproval resulting  individual being rejected by others. People do not seek help when needed for fear of being labelled as mentally ill. For improving the mental health issues it is important to reduce the stigma of mental illness of adolescents that can be done by openly talking about the mental health, providing information on the causes and effects of mental illness, treatment and support services should be provided. Negative stereotype about mental illness are the causes of stigma which are associated with mental illness. Therefore it is important to reduce the stigma of mental illness.