Every year, 1^st June is observed as the International Child Protection Day. The main focus of this day is to highlight the importance of child safety and discuss the ways to achieve total well being of children in both developed and developing countries. The International Day for Protection of Children was established on 1 June 1950 following the Women's International Democratic Federation's congress in Moscow that took place in 1949. It is a fact the children are considered as the most vulnerable lot facing many problems and inhuman practices especially in the developing countries. One of the most inhuman acts faced by the children is the problem of child labor. Child labour is a global problem affecting millions of children across the globe. There are multitudes of factors responsible for this menace and they keep on changing with the passage of time. According to UNICEF, ‘160 million children were subjected to child labour at the beginning of 2020, with 9 million additional children at risk due to the impact of COVID-19.’ This means that roughly 1 in 10 children are working as child laborers around the world. Furthermore, a large number of children are subjected to sexual exploitation, trafficking, violence and abuse thus amounting to their basic human rights violations.  Also, the lack of proper educational opportunities in many Asian countries is proving disastrous to the children at large and is forcing them to indulge in child labor and other dangerous activities. In Kashmir valley, various studies conducted by different agencies, both government and non-governmental revealed that a huge number of children in rural areas discontinue their studies due to poor economic conditions. These children are then forced into labour and they work as domestic helps, bus conductors, in motor garages and workshops, in weaving factoring and as street vendors. Reportedly, there are over 2.5 lakh child labourers in Kashmir only. On one hand family compulsions which can be linked to massive unemployment and deteriorated state of economy have become inevitable factors leading to a rise in child labour and on the other hand poor implementation of laws have dampened the fight against child labour. While institutions may need an overhaul but it is the legal framework that needs a revisit. There is an urgent need of better legal tools and institutional commitment to thrust a positive change in order to protect the rights of children.  Governments and social action groups need to coordinate and cooperate to fight against child exploitation in the world.